1. Measurements and Dimensions

1.1 Measurements and Dimensions

Intrinsic	do not depend on reference system
Extrinsic	depend on reference system
Intensive	do not depend on size of sample
Extensie	depend on size of sample

I. 7 Fundamental Quantities

Electric current(i)

Time interval(T)

Mass(m)

Temperature(T)

Luminous intensity(Iv)

Amount of substance(n)

Length(m)

II. Derived Quantities

Density d = m / v

Specific Weight p = m * g / v = d * g

Pressure P = E / A

---

1.2 Unit Conversion

Prefix	Symbol	Exponential notation
Tera	T	(10)^12
Giga	G	(10)^9
Mega	M	(10)^6
Kilo	K	(10)^3
Deci	d	(10)^(-1)
Centi	c	(10)^(-2)
Milli	m	(10)^(-3)
Micro	µ	(10)^(-6)
Nano	n	(10)^(-9)
Pico	p	(10)^(-12)

---

1.3 Physical and Chemical Transformations of Matter

I. Transformations

1. Physical
   • do not change chemical composition of matter
2. Chemical
   • involve chemical change in matter with the formatino of new substance

• Critical Temperature and Critical Pressure : maximum condition in which biphasic coexistence exists
• Critical point : meeting point btw critical T and critical P
• Triple point : coexistence of the three phases in equilibrium

참고 : https://www.expii.com/t/phase-change-diagrams-overview-examples-8057

** 물질에 따라 heating curve 존재. 모두 서로 다름.

---

1.4 Classification of Matter

I. Homogeneous : one phase

II. Heterogeneous : two or more phases

i. Pure Substances : well-defined and constant characteristics

ii. Pure Substances : composed of multiple pure substances, variable chemical composition

• Homogeneous : solution, consisting of solvent and solute
• Heterogeneous : dispersions

Separation technique	Physical property used
Filtration	Particle size
Centrifugation(원심 분리)	Density of substances
Chromatography(크로마토그래피)	Migration speed of substance
Distillation	Volatility